Description
Pharmacological action of
Pharmacological group of
Vitamins of group B + other drugs
Pharmacological action of
Folic acid refers to vitamins of group B. In the body, folic acid is reduced to tetrahydrofolic, which is involved in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines, the exchange of choline, and in general in the metabolism of nucleic acids and proteins. This plays an important role in the formation of the central nervous system, which develops in humans 15-28 days after fertilization. Folic acid deficiency causes the development of neural tube defects in the fetus.
Vitamin B12 inside the cell exists in the form of two active coenzymes: methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin. Methylcobalamin is essential for methionine synthetase, which is involved in folic acid metabolism. This interaction of folic acid with cobalamin is necessary for the normal synthesis of purines and pyrimidines, and, therefore, DNA. With a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folic acid, a reduced synthesis of methionine and S-adenosylmethionine disrupts many methylation reactions, the synthesis of proteins and polyamines.
400 micrograms of folic acid is the minimum effective daily dose recommended by the Centers for Disease Prevention (USA, UK and Australia) for healthy women as an additional daily intake to prevent the development of neural tube defects in the fetus. The recommended daily intake of vitamin B12 is 2 micrograms.
Iodine is the main element for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) (the mass fraction of iodine in which is 65% and 59%, respectively). Thyroid hormones are necessary at all stages of life for the normal functioning of the central nervous system (CNS).
Pharmacokinetics
Folic acid is rapidly absorbed in the jejunum, undergoing reduction and methylation to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. The maximum plasma concentration is observed after 30-60 minutes.
Intensively bound to plasma proteins. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier, into the placenta and breast milk. It is excreted by the kidneys mainly in the form of metabolites. Vitamin B12 can be absorbed after it interacts in the stomach with Castle’s internal factor, a glycoprotein that is secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach. The maximum plasma concentration is observed after 8-12 hours. As with folic acid, vitamin B12 undergoes significant enterohepatic recirculation.
The average elimination half-life of vitamin B12 is about 6 days. Part of the administered dose is excreted by the kidneys during the first 8 hours, although most are excreted in the bile. 25% is excreted through the intestines. In addition, vitamin B12 crosses the placenta and is present in breast milk.
Vitamin B12 binds to a large extent to plasma proteins, excess accumulates in the liver.
Iodine has good absorption. It is believed that the intestinal absorption coefficient of iodine after taking water-soluble iodine salts (e.g. potassium iodide) is 100%. The mechanism of intestinal absorption of iodine is not known.
After completion of the absorption process, iodine rapidly spreads through the intercellular fluid. Iodine crosses the placental barrier and is present in breast milk. Iodine is transported to other tissues (excluding thyroid tissue): mammary / salivary glands and intestinal mucosa.
The main part of iodine is excreted by the kidneys and a small amount with saliva, milk, sweat, bile and through the intestines.
Indications
Prevention of deficiency of iodine, folic acid and vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) in women of childbearing age at the stage of pregnancy planning (at least 1 month before conception). Prevention of the development of neural tube defects in the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Contraindications
Increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug, lactation, children’s age.
The drug contains lactose. In patients with hereditary galactose intolerance, lactase deficiency or malabsorption of glucose or galactose, the drug is contraindicated.
With a daily dose of more than 150 mg / day, potassium iodide is contraindicated in patients with acute form of bronchitis, severe and latent hyperthyroidism.
With caution
With caution, the drug is prescribed for patients with: hypocomplete vasculitis, goiter or autoimmune thyroiditis, kidney disease, chronic hyperkalemia, active tuberculosis, epilepsy.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
The drug is recommended for use during pregnancy.
The components of the drug pass into breast milk. Since there is currently no data on the use of the drug during this period, the drug is not recommended for use during breastfeeding.
Special instructions
It should be borne in mind that antibiotics can distort (give underestimated results) the results of the analysis of the concentration of folic acid in plasma and red blood cells.
Due to the effect of iodides on the thyroid gland, taking these drugs can lead to a distortion of the results of a study of thyroid function.
Do not take a double dose if the next dose is missed.
The use of the drug does not affect the performance of potentially hazardous activities that require special attention and quick reactions (driving, working with moving mechanisms, work of the dispatcher and operator, etc.).
Composition of
Each tablet contains:
Active ingredients:
potassium iodide (equivalent to iodide) – 0.262 mg (0.200 mg), folic acid – 0.400 mg, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12 N crystalline) * – 0.002 mg
Optional monohydrate – 40.189 mg, microcrystalline cellulose – 55.0 mg, sodium carboxymethyl starch – 1.0 mg, calcium stearate – 1.029 mg
* – sodium citrate – 0.063 mg, citric acid – 0.021 mg, maltodextrin – 2.01 mg.
Dosing and Administration
1 tablet daily, before meals.
The course of preventive treatment in women of childbearing age at the stage of pregnancy planning is at least 1 month before conception and during the first trimester of pregnancy. Repeated courses as recommended by a doctor.
Side effects of
Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bloating and abdominal pain, flatulence, metallic taste in the mouth and increased salivation.
Disorders of the endocrine system: goiter, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
Disorders of the cardiovascular system: vasculitis, periarthritis with a fatal outcome.
Immune system disorders: dropsy (including swelling of the face and glottis).
Disorders of the skin: itching, rash and erythema, urticaria, exanthema and angioedema.
Disorders of the circulatory and lymphatic systems: thrombocytopenic purpura.
Other disorders: hypersensitivity, general malaise, signs and symptoms similar to serum sickness: fever, joint pain, lymphatic cyst formation and eosinophilia
Drug Interactions
Iodilife should not be taken in combination with methotrexate, pyrimethamine, triamteren, trimethoprim, as they act as folic acid antagonists, inhibiting tetrahydrofolate reductase.
Taking Jodilife in combination with antiepileptic drugs from the hydantoin group (phenytoin) can reduce the effect of the latter.
Analgesics (with long-term therapy), estrogens and oral contraceptives increase the need for folic acid.
Antacids (including calcium, aluminum and magnesium), colestyramine, sulfonamides (including sulfasalazine) reduce the absorption of folic acid.
The simultaneous use of the drug with potassium-sparing diuretics can lead to a decrease in elimination of potassium by the kidneys, which will lead to the possibility of severe chronic hyperkalemia.
Concomitant use of lithium and potassium salts can lead to hypothyroidism.
Concomitant use with antithyroid drugs can lead to increased hypothyroidism.
Overdose
If you overdose or accidentally swallow the drug, you should immediately consult a doctor.
Overdose symptoms: metallic taste in the oral cavity, increased sensitivity of teeth and gums, increased salivation, irritation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, sneezing, swelling of the eyelids (symptoms known as iodism).
In addition, with an overdose of the drug, severe headache, cough, pulmonary edema, dysfunction of the parotid and submandibular glands, inflammation of the pharynx, larynx and tonsils, mild skin rash in the seborrheic areas, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (diarrhea) can occur .
In case of overdose, stop taking the drug and consult a doctor. The treatment is symptomatic.
Storage conditions
At a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.
The Expiration of
is 3 years.
Appointment
Vitamin dlya beremenn h and kormyashtih
