Description
Release form
Intramuscular solution 40 mg / ml.
Pharmacological action
Pharmacotherapeutic group:
potassium preparation.
ATX code: A121BA01
Pharmacological action:
The drug K + restores water-electrolyte balance. It has a negative chrono- and batmotron effect, in high doses – a negative foreign and dromotropic, as well as moderate diuric effect. In small doses, K + dilates the coronary vessels, in large doses it narrows. Participates in the process of conducting nerve impulses. With intravenous administration, increases the secretion of epinephrine by the adrenal glands.
Activates many cytoplasmic enzymes, participates in maintaining intracellular osmotic pressure, in protein-synthetic reactions and in the transport of amino acids.
Improves skeletal muscle contraction during muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis. An increase in K + concentration reduces the risk of toxic effects of cardiac glycosides.
Indications
Hypokalemia (including against diabetes mellitus, prolonged diarrhea and / or vomiting, therapy with antihypertensive drugs, some diuretics, glucocorticosteroids), treatment and prevention of digital intoxication, prevention of arrhythmias in patients with myocardial infarction .
Contraindications
Hyperkalemia, complete atrioventricular block, adrenal insufficiency, chronic renal failure, concomitant therapy with potassium-sparing diuretics, metabolic disturbances (acidosis, hypovolemia with hyponatremia), pregnancy and up to 18 years of age (established).
Use during pregnancy and lactation
The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy.
If necessary, the appointment of the drug during breastfeeding, breastfeeding must be discontinued.
The use of meloxicam is not recommended in women planning a pregnancy, as well as in women participating in infertility studies or birth control. The safety of use of this drug during pregnancy has not been proven. The effect of delayed prostaglandin synthesis on embryogenesis during the first two trimesters of pregnancy is not clear.
In the last trimester of pregnancy, the mechanism of action of meloxicam is characterized by inhibition of labor, premature closure of the Ductus arteriosus Botalli in the fetus, an increased predisposition to bleeding in the mother and child, and an increased risk of edema in the mother. In small amounts, meloxicam passes into breast milk, and in case of breastfeeding, meloxicam can be found in the baby’s blood plasma.
As a drug that inhibits the synthesis of cyclooxygenase / prostaglandin, meloxicam can affect fertility, therefore, it is not recommended for women who have difficulty conceiving. In this regard, in women undergoing examination for this reason, it is recommended to cancel the drug.
Special instructions
During treatment, it is necessary to control the content of K + in the blood serum, ECG, and in the treatment of hypokalemia, control of the acid-base state.
Safety and efficacy of potassium chloride in children have not been established.
If necessary, use during pregnancy should compare the expected benefits to the mother and the potential risk to the fetus.
During lactation, the issue of stopping breastfeeding should be decided. A diet high in sodium chloride increases K + excretion from the body. It should be borne in mind that hyperkalemia leading to death can develop quickly and be asymptomatic.
Composition of
potassium chloride – 40 mg
dextrose (or glucose in terms of dry matter – 334 mg
hydrochloric acid solution 0.1M – up to pH 3.0-4.0
water for injection – up to 1 ml
Dosage and Administration
Intravenously. With hypokalemia with a violation of the heart rhythm – 1-1.5 g 4-5 times a day after restoration of the heart rhythm, the dose is reduced. With digitalis intoxication – 2-3 g / day, in severe cases – up to 5 g. For relief of paroxysmal tachycardia attacks on the first day – 8-12 g, followed by a decrease to 3-6 g. Intravenously, if necessary, by drip. (slowly, within 1 h> – 2-2.5 g in 500 ml of 5% dextrose solution.
For the prevention and treatment of ectopic arrhythmias in myocardial infarction – a polarizing mixture: potassium chloride solution in 5% – 10% dextrose solution (add insulin from calculation of 1 unit per 3-4 g of dry dextrose).
Side effects
From the nervous system, paresthesia, muscle weakness, confusion.
From the cardiovascular system: lowering blood pressure, arrhythmias, heart block, cardiac arrest.
Other: hyperkalemia, allergic reactions.
Drug Interactions
Pharmaceutically compatible with solutions of cardiac glycosides (improves their tolerance). Enhances the negative dromo- and batmotropic effects of antiarrhythmic drugs. As part of a polarizing mixture (in combination with dextrose and insulin) it helps normalize heart rate in case of myocardial infarction, ectopic arrhythmias and an overdose of cardiac glycosides.
Eliminates ginokalemia caused by glucocorticosteroids, mineralocorticosteroids and diuretics. Beta-blockers, cyclosporine, potassium-sparing diuretics, heparin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
Overdose
Symptoms: hyperkalemia (muscle hypotension, paresthesia of the extremities, slowing of atrioventricular conduction, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest). The early clinical signs of hyperkalemia usually appear when the serum K + concentration is more than 6 meq / L, the sharpening of the T wave, the disappearance of the U wave, the decrease in the ST segment, the prolongation of the QT interval, the expansion of the QRS complex. More severe symptoms of hyperkalemia – muscle paralysis and cardiac arrest – develop at a concentration of K + 9-10 meq / l.
Treatment: orally or intravenously – intravenous NaCl solution – 300-500 ml of 5% dextrose solution (with 10-20 IU of insulin in 1 l), if necessary – hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
Storage Conditions
In a dry, dark place at 0 to +30 ° C.
Keep out of the reach and sight of children.
The Expiration of
is 3 years. Do not use after the expiry date.
active substance
Potassium chloride
Terms leave through pharmacies
In retseptu
lekarstvennaja
infusion solution
