Description
Pharmacological action
Pharmaceutical group: antiseptic.
Pharmaceutical Action: Antiseptic. Depending on the concentration used, it exhibits both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects with respect to gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The bacteriostatic effect (both aqueous and alcohol working solutions) is manifested in a concentration of 0.01% and less bactericidal – in a concentration of more than 0.01% at a temperature of 22 degrees. C and exposure for 1 min. Fungicidal action – at a concentration of 0.05%, a temperature of 22 degrees. C and exposure for 10 minutes. Virucidal effect (against lipophilic viruses) – manifests itself at a concentration of 0.01-1%. It acts on bacterial spores only at elevated temperatures. Effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria – Tronema spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas spp., Chlamydia spp., Ureaplasma spp. It is stable, after processing the skin (hands, surgical field) it remains on it in a certain amount, sufficient for the manifestation of a bactericidal effect. It remains active (although slightly reduced) in the presence of blood, pus, various secrets and organic substances. Very rarely causes allergic reactions, irritation of the skin and tissues, does not have a damaging effect on objects made of glass, plastic and metals.
Pharmacokinetics: Practically not absorbed from the digestive tract. After accidental ingestion, 300 mg Cmax is reached after 30 minutes and amounts to 0.206 Ојg / L. It is excreted mainly with feces (90%), less than 1% is excreted by the kidneys.
Indications
As a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for various infections, for antiseptic processing and disinfection. 0.05% and 0.2% solutions: prevention of sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes – use no later than 2 hours after intercourse) disinfection of the skin (scuffs, cracks). Purulent wounds, infected burns, bacterial and fungal diseases of the skin and mucous membranes, including in dentistry (rinsing and irrigation – gingivitis, stomatitis, aphthae, periodontitis, alveolitis), surgery, urology, obstetrics-gynecology. Only 0.2% solution – for the treatment and sanitation of the genital tract in gynecology during medical diagnostic procedures, for the disinfection of dentures. 0.5% solution: for treating wounds and burn surfaces for treating infected scuffs and cracks in the skin and open mucous membranes. For sterilization of medical instruments at a temperature of 70 degrees. With the disinfection of the working surfaces of devices (including thermometers) and equipment whose heat treatment is undesirable. 1% solution: disinfection of thermometers, work surfaces of medical equipment and devices, heat treatment of which is undesirable, treatment of the surgical field and hands of the surgeon before surgery, skin disinfection, treatment of postoperative and burn wounds. 5% concentrate – for the preparation of aqueous, glycerin and alcohol solutions with concentrations from 0.01 to 1%. Postoperative care for patients in the ENT and dentistry departments (rinse and gel for topical application).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, dermatitis, allergic reactions. Carefully. Children’s age, pregnancy, lactation.
Special instructions
In patients with an open head injury, spinal cord injuries, perforation of the tympanic membrane, contact with the surface of the brain, meninges and the cavity of the inner ear should be avoided. In case of contact with the mucous membranes of the eye, they should be washed quickly and thoroughly with water. The ingress of hypochlorite whitening substances on tissues that were previously in contact with chlorhexidine-containing preparations may cause brown spots to appear on them. The bactericidal effect increases with increasing temperature. At temperatures above 100 deg. The drug is partially decomposed. Concomitant use with iodine is not recommended.
Dosage and administration
Chlorhexidine as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent is used topically and topically. 0.05%, 0.2% and 0.5% aqueous solutions are applied in the form of irrigation, rinsing and application – 5-10 ml of the solution is applied to the affected surface of the skin or mucous membranes with an exposure of 1-3 minutes 2-3 times a day (on a swab or by irrigation ) The treatment of medical instruments and work surfaces is carried out with a clean sponge moistened with an antiseptic solution, or by soaking. For the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, the drug is effective if it is used no later than 2 hours after sexual intercourse. Using the nozzle, insert the contents of the vial into the urethra for men (2-3 ml), women (1-2 ml) and in the vagina (5-10 ml) for 2-3 minutes. Treat the skin of the inner thighs, pubis, genitals. After the procedure, do not urinate for 2 hours. Complex treatment of urethritis and urethroprostatitis is carried out by injecting 2-3 ml of a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluco-nate 1-2 times a day into the urethra, the course is 10 days, the procedures are prescribed every other day. Intravaginally, 1 suppository 3-4 times a day for 7-20 days, depending on the nature of the disease. The rinse and gel for topical administration are usually prescribed 2-3 times a day.
Side effects
Allergic reactions (skin rash), dry skin, itching, dermatitis, stickiness of the skin of the hands (within 3-5 minutes), photosensitivity. In the treatment of gingivitis – staining of tooth enamel, deposition of tartar, taste disturbance.
Drug Interactions
Used in a neutral environment at pH 5-8, the difference in activity is small when a pH of more than 8 precipitates. The use of hard water reduces the bactericidal properties. Pharmaceutically incompatible with soap, alkalis, and other anionic compounds (colloids, gum arabic, carboxymethyl cellulose). Compatible with drugs containing a cationic group (benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium bromide). Ethanol enhances the effectiveness of the drug.
active substance
Chlorhexidine
Terms of delivery from
pharmacies Over-the-counter
Dosage form
solution topical
Nursing moms, babies For women
Pattern pharmaceutical factory, Russia
