Description
Pharmacological action
Dexamethasone phosphate is a fluorinated analog of hydrocortisone, more active than prednisolone and cortisone. It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, decongestant and gluconeogenetic effect.
The drug blocks the release by eosinophils of inflammatory mediators, including prostaglandins, which are involved in the development of the inflammatory process. It stimulates the steroid receptors of lymphocytes, contributing to the biosynthesis of lipocortins, which have decongestant activity, inhibits the proliferation of lymphoid tissue and cellular immunity, and also violates the chemotaxis of T-lymphocytes, reducing their cytotoxic activity.
The maximum concentration of dexamethasone in the blood is detected after 60 minutes. The therapeutic concentration in the blood serum lasts for 30-96 hours, depending on the type of animal. The bioavailability with intramuscular injection is 100%. Biotransformation occurs in the liver and partially in the fibroblasts involved in the metabolism. Metabolites are mainly excreted through the liver and kidneys.
Indications
The drug is used in animals with metabolic disorders (ketosis and toxemia after birth in ewes and sows), inflammatory processes, especially the musculoskeletal system (arthritis, periarthritis, tenosynovitis, bursitis, sprains, myositis, sprain infections) in combination with antimicrobial agents) allergic conditions (atopic and contact dermatitis, urticaria, itching, conjunctivitis) laminitis in horses and cattle with bites of snakes and insects stress (exhibitions, training) and shock conditions.
Contraindications
The drug is not used during the last trimester of pregnancy, with diabetes, bone fractures, and viral and fungal infections.
Composition
IN 1, 0 cm the preparation contains 0.004 g of dexamethasone phosphate, excipients and solvent up to 1.0 cm .
Dosage and administration of
The drug is administered intramuscularly, preferably in the morning: for horses and cattle – 5 cm pigs – 2-3 cm piglets, dogs – 0.5-1 cm cats 0.25-0.5 cm once a day for three days. If necessary, the course of treatment should be continued.
In case of infectious diseases, the drug is used only in combination with antimicrobial agents.
Side effects
With prolonged use, Cushing’s syndrome may appear, causing redistribution of body fat, muscle weakness, weight loss, and osteoporosis. The appearance of polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagy is possible. The use of corticosteroids in lactating cows can cause a short-term decrease in milk productivity. In the case of latent infections, the drug may cause their exacerbation.
Storage conditions
The drug is stored according to list B in the manufacturer’s packaging in a dark place at a temperature of 5 ° C to 25 ° C.
Expiration
Expiration of the drug 2 years from the date of manufacture, subject to storage conditions. After opening the bottle, the drug is stored for 28 days.
active substance
Dexamethasone
Dosage form
injection for injections
