Description
Pharmacological action
Covinan – a hormonal drug based on the synthetic analogue of progesterone. The natural hormone progesterone is produced in both sexes in the adrenal cortex, in females by the luteal cells of the corpus luteum. Its function is to prepare the endometrium for implantation of a zygote, to ensure the normal course of pregnancy, and to stimulate the development of breast tissue. Its synthetic analogue (proligestone) has the property to inhibit the secretion of luteinizing (LH) and follicle-stimulating (FSH) hormones, which are produced by the anterior pituitary gland. The drug Kovinan inhibits the synthesis of estradiol by the ovarian follicles, which prevents the development of morphological and psychophysiological changes in females associated with the sexual cycle (prevents the development of estrus). Proligestone changes the physicochemical properties of mucus in the uterus, inhibits the proliferation of endometrium and breast cells. When the drug is administered during sexual dormancy (anestrus), proligestone maintains a low LH concentration, as a result of which the ovulation process becomes impossible. Proligestone is deposited in fatty tissue and recycled in the animal ² ¢s liver, which is associated with the long-term effect of the drug. Its maximum concentration in blood plasma after subcutaneous administration is achieved after 2 – 3.5 days and is 29 ng / ml. The drug has a weak estrogenic, insignificant corticosteroid activity and practically has no androgenic effect. Therefore, all possible risks from the use of hormonal contraceptives are minimized. The drug is excreted mainly with bile. According to the degree of exposure to the organism of warm-blooded animals, the drug belongs to low-hazard substances and in the recommended doses does not have a resorptive-toxic, mutagenic and sensitizing effect.
Indications
Assign to females and cats to prevent and suppress the development of estrus, to prevent and stop false pregnancy and pseudolactation.
Contraindications
The use of the drug is contraindicated in females and cats who have had diseases of the genitourinary system, as well as when they have revealed prolonged vaginal secretions of an unclear etiology, females who received estrogens or progestogens for the treatment of miscarriage. Covinan is not used in pregnant and lactating females and during estrus. It is undesirable to use the drug in bitches before the first estrus and in the late stages of proestrus.
Special instructions
For animals with diabetes and metabolic diseases, the drug is used with caution. In such cases, monitoring the level of glucose and other elements in the blood and urine is mandatory. At the end of all manipulations with the drug, wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap.
Composition
The preparation is a sterile aqueous suspension of white color containing 100 mg of proligestone in 1 ml as active ingredient and auxiliary components: methyl parahydroxybenzoate, propyl parahydroxybenzoate, sorbitan palmitate, polysorbate 40, lecithin, potassium citrate phosphate, macrophosphate dithihydrate 4000 g for injection.
Dosage and administration
Covinan is administered to animals strictly subcutaneously in the middle part of the skin fold, avoiding intradermal injections, getting into subcutaneous fat deposits and into scar tissue. Before use, the vial with the drug must be shaken thoroughly, and the injection site should be treated with 70% ethanol. For the prevention and treatment of false pregnancy and pseudolactation, the drug is administered to females once in doses: 1 ml (with a weight of up to 20 kg), 2 ml (with a weight of 21 to 40 kg) and 3 ml (with a weight of more than 40 kg). To inhibit sexual hunting in cats, Covinan is prescribed in a dose of 1 ml (for large cats, weighing more than 7 kg, the dose can be increased to 1.5 ml). For bitches, the dose is selected individually depending on body weight: with a weight of less than 5 kg – 1 – 1.5 ml, with a weight of 5 to 10 kg – 1.5 – 2.5 ml, from 10 to 20 kg – 2.5 – 3.5 ml, from 20 to 30 kg – from 3.5 to 4.5 ml, from 30 to 45 kg – from 4.5 to 5.5 ml, from 45 to 60 kg – by 5, 5 – 6.0 ml. For the development of persistent anestrus (rest period), the drug is used according to the scheme: the first injection of Covinan is carried out during the anestrus period in bitches and cats or proestrus (onset of estrus, the first 1 – 2 days) only in bitches, the second injection is done after 3 months, the third – 4 months after the second injection of the drug, and then Covinan is administered every 5 months. In those cases where the bitches that used the drug according to the above scheme still show signs of proestrus (swelling of the sexual loop, spotting from the vagina), an extraordinary injection of Covinan is necessary to prevent undesired estrus. The further application regimen depends on the interval with which injections were made before the appearance of undesirable signs of proestrus. If the interval between injections is 5 months, then after an extraordinary administration, the drug is administered after 4 months and then every 5 months. If the interval is 4 months, then after an extraordinary introduction, the scheme is adjusted as follows: after 3 months there will be the next injection, then the drug is administered after 4 months and then every 5 months. For a one-time prevention of estrus, the drug is administered once: to bitches during the anestrus period, but not later than a month before the alleged estrus, to cats during anestrus or diestrus (the period immediately after estrus). To suppress estrus in females, Covinan is administered immediately after signs of proestrus appear. Signs of proestrus at the same time disappear on the 5-7th day. The restoration of the sexual cycle in bitches occurs on average in 6 to 7 months, sometimes in the period of 3 to 12 months.
Side effects of
In extremely rare cases, the development of pyometritis, endometrial hyperplasia and breast tissue, increased appetite and weight gain and general lethargy are possible. At the injection site, there may be slight discoloration, hair loss and pain on palpation of the injection site. The likelihood of side effects increases significantly in cases where other progesterone analogues have been used in animals.
Storage conditions
Dry, protected from direct sunlight and inaccessible to children and animals, separate from food and feed at a temperature of 2 to 25 ° C. Vials from under the drug should be disposed of 28 days after opening.
Shelf life
3 years.
Active ingredient
Proligestone
Formulation
injection solution
